Bearing Selection

Introduction

The selection of the right bearing for any given application can be a daunting task. In Part 1 of this article, we discussed the basics of bearing selection, from understanding the different types of bearings to the various factors that affect bearing performance. In Part 2, we will focus on three key areas when selecting bearings: eliminating friction, strength and durability, and noise and vibration control. By understanding these considerations, you can ensure that you are selecting the right bearing for your application.

Eliminating Friction

Friction is one of the primary concerns when selecting a bearing. Friction can lead to wear and tear on the bearing, resulting in premature failure. The following sections will discuss ways to reduce friction when selecting a bearing.

Understanding Rolling Contact Bearings

Rolling contact bearings, also known as rolling element bearings, are used to reduce friction between two moving surfaces. They are typically constructed with an outer ring or shell and an inner ring or bore, with balls or rollers located between the two rings. These balls or rollers move freely between the two rings, allowing for smooth motion, while reducing friction.

Material Selection

The material used to construct the bearing is also important when selecting a bearing. Different materials offer different levels of hardness, which can impact the amount of friction experienced. Harder materials, such as steel, are more resistant to wear and tear, but may require more lubrication to reduce friction. Softer materials, such as brass, are more prone to wear and tear, but may be easier to lubricate.

Design Considerations

The design of the bearing can also impact the amount of friction experienced. For example, bearings with larger contact areas between the bearing surfaces may experience less friction than those with smaller contact areas. Additionally, designs that allow for a greater amount of lubricant to be applied to the bearing can also reduce friction.

Lubrication

Using the right lubricant is also important when selecting a bearing. Different lubricants have different properties, such as viscosity, which can affect the amount of friction experienced. For example, thicker lubricants are better suited for high load applications, while thinner lubricants are more suitable for low load applications.

Strength and Durability

In addition to reducing friction, it is important to select a bearing that is strong and durable enough for the application. This section will discuss the various factors to consider when selecting a bearing for strength and durability.

Load Capacity

The load capacity of a bearing is one of the most important considerations when selecting a bearing. The load capacity of a bearing is determined by the type of bearing, the size of the bearing, and the material from which the bearing is made. It is important to select a bearing with a load capacity that is sufficient for the application.

Design Factors Affecting Load Capacity

In addition to the type, size, and material of the bearing, there are several design factors that can affect the load capacity of a bearing. For example, the number of rolling elements and the contact angle between the elements can both affect the load capacity of the bearing. Additionally, the type of cage used to contain the rolling elements can also affect the load capacity.

Fatigue Life

In addition to load capacity, it is important to consider the fatigue life of the bearing when selecting a bearing. Fatigue life is a measure of how long a bearing can withstand repeated loads before it fails. The fatigue life of a bearing depends on the type and size of the bearing, the material from which it is made, and the design of the bearing.

Dynamic Loads

When selecting a bearing, it is also important to consider dynamic loads. Dynamic loads are loads that vary over time, such as those experienced in rotating applications. Selecting a bearing that is designed to handle dynamic loads can help to ensure that the bearing will not fail prematurely due to excessive wear and tear.

Noise and Vibration Control

In addition to reducing friction and ensuring strength and durability, it is important to consider noise and vibration control when selecting a bearing. The following sections discuss the various factors to consider when selecting a bearing for noise and vibration control.

Noise Control

Noise control is an important consideration when selecting a bearing. Selecting a bearing with low noise levels is important for applications where noise is a concern. The noise levels of a bearing depend on the type and size of the bearing, the material from which it is made, and the design of the bearing.

Vibration Control

In addition to noise, vibration control is also an important consideration when selecting a bearing. Vibration can cause excessive wear and tear on the bearing, resulting in premature failure. Selecting a bearing that is designed to reduce vibration can help to ensure the longevity of the bearing.

Design Considerations for Noise and Vibration Control

The design of the bearing can also affect noise and vibration levels. For example, bearings with larger contact areas between the bearing surfaces may experience less vibration than those with smaller contact areas. Additionally, designs that allow for a greater amount of lubricant to be applied to the bearing can also reduce noise and vibration levels.

Conclusion

Selecting the right bearing for an application is a complex process. In Part 2 of this article, we discussed three key areas to consider when selecting a bearing: eliminating friction, strength and durability, and noise and vibration control. By understanding these considerations, you can ensure that you are selecting the right bearing for your application.